Here is a basic vegetable seed germination chart to use for planning and planting your garden.
Table 1.0: Optimal soil temperature range for seed germination of popular garden vegetables in °F (US customary units)
Vegetable seed | Low end of optimum soil temperature range (°F) | High end of optimum soil temperature range (°F) |
---|---|---|
Pea | 40 | 75 |
Lettuce | 40 | 80 |
Spinach | 45 | 75 |
Carrot | 45 | 85 |
Cauliflower | 45 | 85 |
Radish | 45 | 90 |
Cabbage | 45 | 95 |
Beet | 50 | 85 |
Chard | 50 | 85 |
Onion | 50 | 95 |
Bean | 60 | 85 |
Tomato | 60 | 85 |
Corn | 60 | 95 |
Cucumber | 60 | 95 |
Pepper | 65 | 95 |
Pumpkin | 70 | 90 |
Squash | 70 | 95 |
Melon | 70 | 95 |
Table 2.0: Optimal soil temperature range for seed germination of popular garden vegetables in °C (metric units)
Vegetable seed | Low end of optimum soil temperature range (°C) | High end of optimum soil temperature range (°C) |
---|---|---|
Pea | 4 | 24 |
Lettuce | 4 | 27 |
Spinach | 7 | 24 |
Carrot | 7 | 29 |
Cauliflower | 7 | 29 |
Radish | 7 | 32 |
Cabbage | 7 | 35 |
Beet | 10 | 29 |
Chard | 10 | 29 |
Onion | 10 | 35 |
Bean | 16 | 29 |
Tomato | 16 | 29 |
Corn | 16 | 35 |
Cucumber | 16 | 35 |
Pepper | 18 | 35 |
Pumpkin | 21 | 32 |
Squash | 21 | 35 |
Melon | 21 | 35 |
Reference: Knott’s Handbook for Vegetable Growers (Sixth Edition)